EverSharp Quick Reference¶

Two-column landscape cheat sheet for quick syntax reference

Left Column¶

Data Types¶

Type	Literal Example	Description
`decimal`	`42`, `3.14`, `-10.5`	128-bit decimal numbers
`string`	`"hello"`, `"John"`	Text in double quotes
`boolean`	`true`, `false`	Boolean values
`null`	`null`	Null/empty value
`DateTime`	`$ToDate("2024-01-15")`	Date and time
`DateOnly`	`$Today()`	Date without time
`Instance`	`{ name: "John" }`	Object/dictionary
`InstanceArray`	`[1, 2, 3]`	Array/list

Variables¶

// No declaration keyword - just assign
count = 10;
name = "Alice";
isActive = true;

// Auto-initialized to null
uninitializedVar; // null

Operators¶

Arithmetic: + - * / %

sum = a + b;
product = a * b;
diff = a - b;
quotient = a / b;
remainder = a % b;

Comparison: < <= > >= == !=

isGreater = a > b;
isEqual = a == b;
isLessEqual = a <= b;
notEqual = a != b;

Logical: && || !

bothTrue = a && b; // AND
eitherTrue = a || b; // OR
notTrue = !a; // NOT

Assignment: = += -= *= /= %=

x = 5;
x += 3;
x -= 2;
x *= 4;
x /= 2;
x %= 3;

Postfix: ++ --

count++;
index--;

Ternary: condition ? valueIfTrue : valueIfFalse

status = age >= 18 ? "Adult" : "Minor";

Control Flow¶

If Statement:

if (condition) {
  // code
} else if (otherCondition) {
  // code
} else {
  // code
}

While Loop:

i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
  // code
  i = i + 1;
}

Exit Statement:

exit; // Terminates script normally

Throw Statement:

throw "Error message"; // Terminates with error
throw; // Throws "Runtime error"

No for, break, continue, switch

Functions¶

Declaration:

function name(param1, param2) {
  // code
  return result;
}

Call:

result = name(arg1, arg2);

Lambda:

// Single parameter
square = (n) => n * n;

// Multiple parameters
add = (a, b) => a + b;

// Block body
process = (x) => {
  result = x * 2;
  return result;
};

Objects¶

Create:

person = {
  name: "John",
  age: 30,
  email: "john@example.com",
};

Access:

personName = person.name;
personAge = person.age;

Dynamic:

// Get property by name
value = $GetValue(obj, "propertyName");

// Set property by name
$SetValue(obj, "propertyName", value);

// Add new property
obj.AddProperty("newProp", value);

Right Column¶

Arrays¶

Create:

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
names = ["Alice", "Bob"];
empty = [];
arr = $Array(10, 20, 30);

Access:

first = numbers[0];
count = numbers.Length;

Common Methods:

Method	Description	Example
`.Filter(lambda)`	Select matching items	`nums.Filter((n) => n > 5)`
`.Map(lambda)`	Transform items	`nums.Map((n) => n * 2)`
`.Find(lambda)`	Find first match	`arr.Find((x) => x.id == 5)`
`.Any(lambda)`	Check if any match	`nums.Any((n) => n > 10)`
`.All(lambda)`	Check if all match	`nums.All((n) => n > 0)`
`.ReduceToNum(lambda, init)`	Sum/aggregate to number	`nums.ReduceToNum((s,n) => s+n, 0)`
`.OrderBy(lambda)`	Sort ascending	`arr.OrderBy((x) => x.value)`
`.OrderByDescending(lambda)`	Sort descending	`arr.OrderByDescending((x) => x)`
`.Take(n)`	First n items	`nums.Take(3)`
`.Skip(n)`	Skip n items	`nums.Skip(2)`
`.Push(item)`	Add to end	`arr.Push(10)`
`.Distinct()`	Remove duplicates	`nums.Distinct()`
`.Join(separator)`	Join to string	`words.Join(" ")`

String Methods¶

Method	Description	Example
`.ToUpper()`	Uppercase	`"hello".ToUpper()` → `"HELLO"`
`.ToLower()`	Lowercase	`"HELLO".ToLower()` → `"hello"`
`.Trim()`	Remove whitespace	`" hi ".Trim()` → `"hi"`
`.Split(sep)`	Split to array	`"a,b,c".Split(",")` → `["a","b","c"]`
`.Contains(str)`	Check contains	`"hello".Contains("ell")` → `true`
`.StartsWith(str)`	Check starts	`"hello".StartsWith("hel")` → `true`
`.EndsWith(str)`	Check ends	`"hello".EndsWith("lo")` → `true`
`.Replace(old,new)`	Replace text	`"hi".Replace("i","ello")` → `"hello"`
`.ToString(fmt)`	Format	`num.ToString("N2")` → `"1,234.56"`

Math Functions¶

Function	Description	Example
`$Max(a, b, ...)`	Maximum value	`$Max(5, 10, 3)` → `10`
`$Min(a, b, ...)`	Minimum value	`$Min(5, 10, 3)` → `3`
`$Abs(n)`	Absolute value	`$Abs(-5)` → `5`
`$Round(n)`	Round to integer	`$Round(3.7)` → `4`
`$Sum(arr)`	Sum array	`$Sum([1,2,3])` → `6`

Date/Time Functions¶

Function	Description	Example
`$Now()`	Current date/time	`$Now()`
`$Today()`	Current date	`$Today()`
`$ToDate(str)`	Parse date	`$ToDate("2024-01-15")`
`$AddDays(date, n)`	Add days	`$AddDays(date, 7)`
`$AddMonths(date, n)`	Add months	`$AddMonths(date, 1)`
`$AddYears(date, n)`	Add years	`$AddYears(date, 1)`
`$DifferenceInDays(d1, d2)`	Days between	`$DifferenceInDays(start, end)`
`$DifferenceInYears(d1, d2)`	Years between	`$DifferenceInYears(birth, today)`
`$Year(date)`	Extract year	`$Year(date)` → `2024`
`$Month(date)`	Extract month	`$Month(date)` → `1`
`$Day(date)`	Extract day	`$Day(date)` → `15`

Conversion Functions¶

Function	Description	Example
`$ToNumber(str)`	String to number	`$ToNumber("42")` → `42`
`.ToNumber()`	Instance method	`"42".ToNumber()` → `42`
`$ToString(val)`	Value to string	`$ToString(42)` → `"42"`
`.ToString(fmt)`	Format string	`num.ToString("N2")`
`$ToDate(str)`	String to DateTime	`$ToDate("2024-01-15")`
`$ToDateOnly(dt)`	DateTime to DateOnly	`$ToDateOnly(dateTime)`
`.ToArray()`	JSON string to array	`"[1,2,3]".ToArray()` → `[1,2,3]`
`.ToDictionary()`	JSON string to object	`jsonStr.ToDictionary()` → `object`

Utility Functions¶

Function	Description	Example
`$Log(msg)`	Log to output	`$Log("Debug info")`
`$GetValue(obj, prop)`	Get property	`$GetValue(obj, "name")`
`$SetValue(obj, prop, val)`	Set property	`$SetValue(obj, "age", 30)`
`$IsInRange(min, max, val)`	Range check	`$IsInRange(0, 100, val)`
`$Fetch(url)`	HTTP GET	`$Fetch("https://api.example.com")`
`$Stringify(obj)`	To JSON	`$Stringify(obj)`

Common Patterns¶

Sum Array:

total = nums.ReduceToNum((sum, n) => sum + n, 0);

Find Max:

max = nums.ReduceToNum((m, n) => (n > m ? n : m), nums[0]);

Count Matching:

count = items.Filter((x) => x.status == "Active").Length;

Calculate Average:

sum = nums.ReduceToNum((s, n) => s + n, 0);
avg = sum / nums.Length;

Check Age:

age = $DifferenceInYears(birthDate, $Today());
isAdult = age >= 18;

Format Currency:

display = amount.ToString("C2"); // $1,234.56

Filter and Map:

result = items.Filter((x) => x.active).Map((x) => x.value);

Important Rules¶

No Implicit Coercion:

Explicit comparisons required: count > 0, not count
No truthiness: use flag == true
Exception: + with strings concatenates

No Type Coercion:

Numbers don't auto-convert
Use $ToNumber(), $ToString(), etc.

Strict Boolean:

Only true and false are boolean
Comparisons return boolean
Use explicit checks: value != null

Comments:

// Single-line comments only
x = 10; // End of line comment

Semicolons:

Required for statements
Not for block endings